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實際在(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)調(diao)速系(xi)(xi)統(tong)運行過程中，如(ru)果變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器或負載(zai)突然出現故(gu)障(zhang)，若讓負載(zai)停止工(gong)(gong)作可(ke)能會(hui)造成(cheng)很大損(sun)失，為了這個問題，可(ke)給(gei)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)調(diao)速系(xi)(xi)統(tong)增設(she)工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)與變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)切(qie)換功能，在(zai)音頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器出現故(gu)障(zhang)時自動(dong)將工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)電源切(qie)換給(gei)電動(dong)機(ji)，以(yi)讓系(xi)(xi)統(tong)繼續(xu)工(gong)(gong)作。另外(wai)某些電路(lu)中要(yao)求啟(qi)動(dong)時用(yong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)(gong)作，而在(zai)正常工(gong)(gong)作是工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)(gong)作，因此可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)與變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)切(qie)換電路(lu)完(wan)成(cheng)還可(ke)以(yi)利用(yong)報(bao)警(jing)電路(lu)配合(he)，在(zai)故(gu)障(zhang)時輸出報(bao)警(jing)信號(hao)。對于工(gong)(gong)作模式的參(can)數設(she)定，需要(yao)參(can)看(kan)使用(yong)。

下(xia)圖所(suo)示(shi)是一個典型的工頻(pin)與變頻(pin)切(qie)換控制(zhi)電路，該電路在工作前需要先對一些(xie)參數進行設置(zhi)：

電路的工作過程說明如下：

1 變頻運行控制

啟動(dong)準(zhun)備(bei)，將開(kai)(kai)關(guan)SA3閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)合(he)，接(jie)通MRS端(duan)子(zi)，允(yun)許(xu)進行工(gong)頻(pin)(pin)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)切(qie)換(huan)。由(you)于(yu)已設(she)置Pr。135=1是切(qie)換(huan)有效(xiao)，IPE、FU端(duan)子(zi)輸(shu)出低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平，中間(jian)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)KA1、KA3線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，KA3線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)-——KA3常(chang)開(kai)(kai)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)合(he)——交流接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)器(qi)KM3線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)——KM3主(zhu)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)合(he)，KM3常(chang)閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)輔(fu)助觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)斷開(kai)(kai)——KM3 主(zhu)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)合(he)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)與變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)端(duan)子(zi)連接(jie)，KM3常(chang)閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)輔(fu)助觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)斷開(kai)(kai)時(shi)KM2線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)無法得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，實現KM2、KM3之間(jian)互(hu)鎖（KM2、KM3線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)不能同(tong)時(shi)得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)），電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)無法由(you)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)和工(gong)頻(pin)(pin)同(tong)時(shi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，KA1線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)——KA1常(chang)開(kai)(kai)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)合(he)，為KM1線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)做準(zhun)備(bei)——按動(dong)按鈕開(kai)(kai)關(guan)SB1——KM1線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)——KM1主(zhu)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、常(chang)開(kai)(kai)輔(fu)助觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)均閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)合(he)——KM2主(zhu)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)合(he)，為變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，KM1常(chang)開(kai)(kai)輔(fu)助觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)合(he)，鎖定KM1線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)得(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

啟動(dong)(dong)運行(xing)。將開關SA1閉(bi)合，STF端(duan)子輸入信號（STF端(duan)子經SA1、SA2與SD端(duan)子接通），變(bian)頻(pin)器正轉啟動(dong)(dong)，調節電位器RP可以對電動(dong)(dong)機進行(xing)調速控制。

2 變頻-工頻切換控制

當變(bian)頻器運行(xing)中(zhong)異常，異常輸出端子A、C接通，中(zhong)間(jian)繼電(dian)(dian)器KA0線圈(quan)(quan)得(de)電(dian)(dian)，KA0常開(kai)觸點(dian)(dian)閉合，振鈴(ling)HA和報(bao)警燈HL得(de)電(dian)(dian)，發出聲光報(bao)警，與(yu)此同(tong)(tong)時，IPF、FU端子變(bian)為高電(dian)(dian)平，OL端子變(bian)為低電(dian)(dian)平，KA1、KA3線圈(quan)(quan)失電(dian)(dian)，KA2線圈(quan)(quan)得(de)電(dian)(dian)。KA1 、KA3線圈(quan)(quan)失電(dian)(dian)——KA1、KA3常開(kai)觸點(dian)(dian)斷(duan)開(kai)——KM1 、KM3線圈(quan)(quan)失電(dian)(dian)——KM1、KM3主(zhu)觸點(dian)(dian)斷(duan)開(kai)——變(bian)頻器與(yu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)——電(dian)(dian)動機斷(duan)開(kai)。KA2線圈(quan)(quan)得(de)電(dian)(dian)——KA2常開(kai)觸點(dian)(dian)閉合——KM2線圈(quan)(quan)得(de)電(dian)(dian)——KM2主(zhu)觸點(dian)(dian)閉合——工頻電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)直接提供給電(dian)(dian)動機（注明：KA1、KA3線圈(quan)(quan)失電(dian)(dian)與(yu)KA2線圈(quan)(quan)得(de)電(dian)(dian)并不是同(tong)(tong)時進行(xing)的，有(you)一定的切換時間(jian)，它與(yu)Pr.136、Pr137設置(zhi)有(you)關）。

按(an)動(dong)(dong)按(an)鈕開(kai)關SB3可以解(jie)除聲(sheng)光報警，按(an)動(dong)(dong)按(an)鈕開(kai)關SB4，可以解(jie)除變(bian)頻器的保護輸出(chu)狀態(tai)，若(ruo)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)在運行(xing)(xing)時出(chu)現過載，與(yu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)串聯(lian)的熱(re)繼電(dian)器FR發熱(re)元件動(dong)(dong)作，使FR常閉(bi)觸點(dian)斷開(kai)，切(qie)斷OH端子(zi)輸入，變(bian)頻器停止(zhi)輸出(chu)，對電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)進行(xing)(xing)保護。

電路工作原理說明如下：

1、啟動(dong)準備(bei)，按動(dong)按鈕開(kai)關SB2-交流(liu)接觸(chu)器KM線圈得(de)電(dian)-KM主(zhu)觸(chu)點和2個(ge)輔(fu)(fu)助觸(chu)點常開(kai)觸(chu)點均閉(bi)合——KMKM主(zhu)觸(chu)點閉(bi)合為變頻器接通(tong)主(zhu)電(dian)源，一個(ge)KM常開(kai)輔(fu)(fu)助觸(chu)點閉(bi)合鎖定KM線圈得(de)電(dian)，另一個(ge)KM常開(kai)輔(fu)(fu)助觸(chu)點閉(bi)合為中間繼電(dian)器KA1、KA2線圈得(de)電(dian)做準備(bei)。

2、正(zheng)(zheng)轉(zhuan)控(kong)制(zhi)。按動(dong)將開(kai)關SB4——繼電器KA1線圈得(de)電——KA1的1個常(chang)(chang)開(kai)觸(chu)點斷(duan)開(kai)，3個觸(chu)點閉合——KA1的常(chang)(chang)閉觸(chu)點斷(duan)開(kai)使KA2線圈無法(fa)得(de)電，KA1的3個常(chang)(chang)開(kai)觸(chu)點接通(tong)，相當于STF單子(zi)輸入正(zheng)(zheng)轉(zhuan)控(kong)制(zhi)信號，變(bian)頻(pin)器U、V、W端(duan)子(zi)輸出正(zheng)(zheng)轉(zhuan)電源(yuan)電壓(ya)，驅動(dong)電動(dong)機(ji)(ji)正(zheng)(zheng)向運轉(zhuan)。調節端(duan)子(zi)10、2、5外接電位器RP，變(bian)頻(pin)器輸出電源(yuan)頻(pin)率會(hui)發生改變(bian)，電動(dong)機(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)速也隨之變(bian)化。

3、停止控制，按動(dong)按鈕開關(guan)SB3——繼電(dian)(dian)器KA1線(xian)圈失電(dian)(dian)——3個KA常(chang)開觸點均(jun)斷開，其中1個常(chang)開觸點斷開切(qie)斷STF、SD端子的連接，變頻器U、V、W單子輸(shu)出(chu)反轉電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)反轉運行。

4、反(fan)轉(zhuan)控(kong)制，按動(dong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)SB6——繼電(dian)器(qi)KA2線(xian)圈(quan)得(de)電(dian)——KA2的1個常閉(bi)觸點斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)，3個常開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)觸點閉(bi)合——KA2的常閉(bi)觸點斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)使KA1線(xian)圈(quan)無法得(de)電(dian)，KA2的3個常開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)觸點閉(bi)合分(fen)貝鎖定KA2線(xian)圈(quan)得(de)電(dian)，短(duan)接(jie)(jie)按鈕開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)SB1和接(jie)(jie)通(tong)STR、SD端(duan)子——STF、SD單子接(jie)(jie)通(tong)，相當于STR端(duan)子輸入(ru)反(fan)轉(zhuan)控(kong)制信號(hao)，變(bian)頻器(qi)U、V、W端(duan)子輸出反(fan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)源電(dian)壓，驅動(dong)電(dian)動(dong)機反(fan)向運轉(zhuan)。

5、變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)異常保護(hu)。若變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)運行(xing)期(qi)間出現異常或故障(zhang)，變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)B、C端子(zi)間內(nei)部等效的常閉開(kai)關(guan)斷(duan)開(kai)，交流接觸(chu)器(qi)KM線圈失電，KM主觸(chu)點斷(duan)開(kai)，切斷(duan)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)輸入(ru)電源，對變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)進行(xing)保護(hu)。

電路接線組裝圖所示：

文章來源：工控教練